Which term refers to the process of a government taking private property for public use?

The term that refers to the process of a government taking private property for public use is "condemnation." This legal process allows the government to acquire private land, typically for infrastructure projects like roads, schools, or parks, under the principle of eminent domain. The government can compel the sale of the property by providing just compensation to the owner, which is a key aspect of the process. This ensures that the rights of property owners are protected while allowing for public development and use of land that benefits the community at large.

Other terms in the options have different meanings. "Conveyance" refers to the transfer of property title from one party to another, while "acquisition" involves obtaining property without specific implication of a legal process like condemnation. "Encumbering" deals with placing a burden or liability on the property, such as mortgages or liens, which is unrelated to the government's right to take property for public use. Thus, condemnation is the precise term applicable in this context.